.. _sphx_glr_api_gallery_polymer_stereochemistry:

Stereochemistry
------------------

Tacticity of vinyl polymers: meso/racemo dyad and triad statistics
contrasting stereospecific (Ziegler-Natta) and random (free-radical)
monomer placement.


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    <div class="sphx-glr-thumbcontainer" tooltip="Natta&#x27;s Ziegler-type catalysts insert each propylene with the same orientation, giving isotactic polypropylene (every methyl on the same side, nearly all meso dyads), whereas free-radical placement is close to random (atactic). With meso-placement probability P_m (Bernoullian statistics), the NMR-observable triad fractions are [mm]=P_m^2, [mr]=2P_m(1-P_m), [rr]=(1-P_m)^2 (~chemistrykit.polymer.systems.tacticity.bernoullian_triad_fractions), and isotactic runs average 1/(1-P_m) dyads (~chemistrykit.polymer.systems.tacticity.mean_isotactic_run_length). Seeded dyad sequences (~chemistrykit.polymer.systems.tacticity.sample_dyad_sequence) make the difference visible.">

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  :doc:`/api/gallery/polymer/stereochemistry/plot_01_ziegler_natta_tacticity`

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      <div class="sphx-glr-thumbnail-title">Ziegler-Natta stereocontrol: isotactic vs. atactic polypropylene</div>
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   /api/gallery/polymer/stereochemistry/plot_01_ziegler_natta_tacticity