.. _sphx_glr_api_gallery_structure_dipole:

Dipole moments
--------------

Molecular dipole moments from partial charges and from vector sums of
bond dipoles.


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    <div class="sphx-glr-thumbcontainer" tooltip="Peter Debye (1912) explained why some gases have a dielectric constant that falls with temperature: their molecules carry a permanent electric dipole moment \boldsymbol\mu = \sum_i q_i \mathbf r_i, which thermal motion partly disorders. The measured moment tests a proposed shape. Water&#x27;s 1.85 D rules out a linear H-O-H, while carbon dioxide&#x27;s zero moment requires a linear O=C=O.">

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  .. image:: /api/gallery/structure/dipole/images/thumb/sphx_glr_plot_01_debye_dipole_moments_thumb.png
    :alt:

  :doc:`/api/gallery/structure/dipole/plot_01_debye_dipole_moments`

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      <div class="sphx-glr-thumbnail-title">Debye's permanent dipole moments: polar and nonpolar molecules from geometry</div>
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    </div>


.. toctree::
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   /api/gallery/structure/dipole/plot_01_debye_dipole_moments