.. DO NOT EDIT.
.. THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY SPHINX-GALLERY.
.. TO MAKE CHANGES, EDIT THE SOURCE PYTHON FILE:
.. "api/gallery/atmosphere/plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.py"
.. LINE NUMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW.

.. only:: html

    .. note::
        :class: sphx-glr-download-link-note

        :ref:`Go to the end <sphx_glr_download_api_gallery_atmosphere_plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.py>`
        to download the full example code or to run this example in your browser via JupyterLite.

.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-example-title

.. _sphx_glr_api_gallery_atmosphere_plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.py:


Teisserenc de Bort's stratosphere (1902)
========================================

Léon Teisserenc de Bort launched hundreds of unmanned sounding balloons from
Trappes. Above about 11 km the temperature stopped falling, a layer he called
the stratosphere; Richard Assmann found the same in Berlin. With the
standard lapse rate of 6.5 K/km below the tropopause, hydrostatic balance gives
the standard-atmosphere pressure of 226.3 hPa at 11 km, and the pressure decays
exponentially in the isothermal layer above.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 12-38



.. image-sg:: /api/gallery/atmosphere/images/sphx_glr_plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere_001.png
   :alt: plot 10 teisserenc de bort stratosphere
   :srcset: /api/gallery/atmosphere/images/sphx_glr_plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere_001.png
   :class: sphx-glr-single-img





.. code-block:: Python


    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    import numpy as np

    from earthsciencekit.atmosphere import two_layer_temperature
    from earthsciencekit.constants import GRAVITY, R_DRY_AIR

    height = np.linspace(0, 20e3, 4001)
    temperature = two_layer_temperature(height, 288.15, 0.0065, 11e3)
    integrand = GRAVITY / (R_DRY_AIR * temperature)
    log_pressure = np.concatenate([[0], np.cumsum((integrand[1:] + integrand[:-1]) / 2 * np.diff(height))])
    pressure = 101325 * np.exp(-log_pressure)
    lapse = -np.gradient(temperature, height)
    assert abs(pressure[height == 11e3][0] - 22632) < 5
    assert np.allclose(lapse[height > 11.1e3], 0) and np.allclose(lapse[height < 10.9e3], 0.0065)

    fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(10, 3.5))
    axes[0].plot(temperature, height / 1000)
    axes[0].axhline(11, color="0.5", ls="--", label="tropopause")
    axes[0].set(xlabel="temperature [K]", ylabel="height [km]")
    axes[0].legend()
    axes[1].semilogx(pressure / 100, height / 1000)
    axes[1].set(xlabel="pressure [hPa, log scale]", ylabel="height [km]")
    fig.tight_layout()

    plt.show()


.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-timing

   **Total running time of the script:** (0 minutes 0.200 seconds)


.. _sphx_glr_download_api_gallery_atmosphere_plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.py:

.. only:: html

  .. container:: sphx-glr-footer sphx-glr-footer-example

    .. container:: lite-badge

      .. image:: images/jupyterlite_badge_logo.svg
        :target: ../../../lite/lab/index.html?path=api/gallery/atmosphere/plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.ipynb
        :alt: Launch JupyterLite
        :width: 150 px

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter

      :download:`Download Jupyter notebook: plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.ipynb <plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.ipynb>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python

      :download:`Download Python source code: plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.py <plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.py>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-zip

      :download:`Download zipped: plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.zip <plot_10_teisserenc_de_bort_stratosphere.zip>`


.. only:: html

 .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-signature

    `Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery <https://sphinx-gallery.github.io>`_