mathematicskit.topology ======================= .. include:: /_generated/nav/topology.rst Simplicial complexes with signed boundary matrices, standard triangulations (spheres, torus, Klein bottle, Möbius strip, projective plane), barycentric subdivision and products; the Smith normal form, Betti numbers over :math:`\mathbb{Q}` or :math:`\mathbb{Z}/p`, integer homology with torsion, and the Mayer-Vietoris sequence; the fundamental group; orientability, the classification of surfaces and Banchoff's critical points; Sperner's lemma, Brouwer fixed points, vector-field indices and Lefschetz numbers; Gauss's linking number and Hopf's turning number; and Vietoris-Rips and Čech complexes, persistent homology, the bottleneck distance and Mapper. .. automodule:: mathematicskit.topology :members: :undoc-members: