Scaling the chain

Moving work off chain or splitting it up while keeping the chain’s security: Plasma, sharding, and rollups.

Plasma: child chains secured by exit games (Poon and Buterin, 2017)

Plasma: child chains secured by exit games (Poon and Buterin, 2017)

OmniLedger and sharding (Kokoris-Kogias et al., 2018)

OmniLedger and sharding (Kokoris-Kogias et al., 2018)

zk-rollups: validity proofs for batched transactions (2018)

zk-rollups: validity proofs for batched transactions (2018)

Optimistic rollups and fraud-proof challenge windows (2019)

Optimistic rollups and fraud-proof challenge windows (2019)