Proof of stake

Stake-weighted selection, nothing at stake, sortition, and finality.

Proof of stake: a stake-weighted proposer lottery (Peercoin 2012)

Proof of stake: a stake-weighted proposer lottery (Peercoin 2012)

Nothing at stake: why proof of stake needs penalties (Buterin 2014)

Nothing at stake: why proof of stake needs penalties (Buterin 2014)

Cryptographic sortition: a secret, stake-weighted committee (Algorand 2017)

Cryptographic sortition: a secret, stake-weighted committee (Algorand 2017)

Casper FFG: finality by two-thirds votes and slashing (Buterin and Griffith 2017)

Casper FFG: finality by two-thirds votes and slashing (Buterin and Griffith 2017)