Cold-plasma waves#

Linearizes the multi-fluid cold-plasma equations around a uniform background to get the plasma frequency (plasma_frequency()) and the Stix dielectric tensor components \(S\), \(D\), \(P\) (stix_parameters()), from which every named cold-plasma wave mode follows as one quartic equation in the refractive index (cold_plasma_dispersion()), organized by the Clemmow-Mullaly-Allis (CMA) diagram (cma_coordinates()). Beyond this linear, dispersion-relation picture, the ion-acoustic soliton (ion_acoustic_soliton_profile(), ion_acoustic_soliton_evolve()) is a genuinely nonlinear traveling wave, propagating without change of shape under the Washimi-Taniuti Korteweg-de Vries reduction.

Langmuir’s plasma frequency

Langmuir's plasma frequency

Stix’s cold-plasma dielectric tensor and the CMA diagram

Stix's cold-plasma dielectric tensor and the CMA diagram

Ion-acoustic solitons: a KdV pulse that never changes shape

Ion-acoustic solitons: a KdV pulse that never changes shape