Detection

The matched filter, and error rates of coherent BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK and M-QAM in Gaussian noise.

Kotel’nikov’s optimum receiver: BPSK in white Gaussian noise (1947)

Kotel'nikov's optimum receiver: BPSK in white Gaussian noise (1947)

Quadrature modulation: QPSK doubles the rate at the same error rate (1960)

Quadrature modulation: QPSK doubles the rate at the same error rate (1960)

North’s matched filter (1943)

North's matched filter (1943)

Cahn’s M-ary phase-shift keying (1959)

Cahn's M-ary phase-shift keying (1959)

Campopiano and Glazer’s square QAM (1962)

Campopiano and Glazer's square QAM (1962)