Compressible flow#

Sound speed, Mach waves, isentropic stagnation states, compressibility corrections, normal and oblique shocks, Prandtl-Meyer expansions, nozzles, and Fanno and Rayleigh duct flow.

Newton, Laplace and the speed of sound (1687-1816)

Newton, Laplace and the speed of sound (1687-1816)

Ernst Mach’s shock photographs and the Mach cone (1887)

Ernst Mach's shock photographs and the Mach cone (1887)

Saint-Venant and Wantzel: isentropic stagnation states (1839)

Saint-Venant and Wantzel: isentropic stagnation states (1839)

The Prandtl-Glauert compressibility correction (1928)

The Prandtl-Glauert compressibility correction (1928)

Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions across a normal shock (1870-1889)

Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions across a normal shock (1870-1889)

De Laval’s converging-diverging nozzle (c. 1888)

De Laval's converging-diverging nozzle (c. 1888)

Meyer’s oblique shock and the theta-beta-M relation (1908)

Meyer's oblique shock and the theta-beta-M relation (1908)

The Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan (1907-1908)

The Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan (1907-1908)

Fanno flow: friction chokes a duct (1904)

Fanno flow: friction chokes a duct (1904)

Rayleigh flow: heat addition and thermal choking (1910)

Rayleigh flow: heat addition and thermal choking (1910)