Laws

The first law (energy is conserved) for closed systems and steady-flow devices, the second (entropy never decreases), and Maxwell’s relations.

Joule and the first law (1843-1850)

Joule and the first law (1843-1850)

Clausius’s inequality and entropy (1854-1865)

Clausius's inequality and entropy (1854-1865)

Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations (1871)

Maxwell's thermodynamic relations (1871)

Joule’s first law in steady-flow devices (1843-1850)

Joule's first law in steady-flow devices (1843-1850)