Finite wings

Lifting-line theory and Glauert’s Fourier solution, induced drag and the parabolic drag polar.

Prandtl’s lifting-line theory and the finite-wing lift slope (1918)

Prandtl's lifting-line theory and the finite-wing lift slope (1918)

Induced drag and the optimality of elliptic loading (1918-1921)

Induced drag and the optimality of elliptic loading (1918-1921)

Oswald’s efficiency factor and the parabolic drag polar (1933)

Oswald's efficiency factor and the parabolic drag polar (1933)

Glauert’s Fourier solution of the lifting line for any planform (1926)

Glauert's Fourier solution of the lifting line for any planform (1926)