Pipe flow

Laminar and turbulent flow in pipes, head losses and friction factors.

Hagen and Poiseuille: laminar pipe flow (1839-1840)

Hagen and Poiseuille: laminar pipe flow (1839-1840)

Weisbach and Darcy: head loss in pipes (1845-1857)

Weisbach and Darcy: head loss in pipes (1845-1857)

Reynolds’s dye experiment (1883)

Reynolds's dye experiment (1883)

Nikuradse’s sand-roughened pipes (1933)

Nikuradse's sand-roughened pipes (1933)

Colebrook’s turbulent friction factor (1939)

Colebrook's turbulent friction factor (1939)

Moody’s diagram (1944)

Moody's diagram (1944)

Swamee and Jain’s explicit friction factor (1976)

Swamee and Jain's explicit friction factor (1976)